今天小編為各位考生帶來近5年全國(guó)卷英語高考真題語法專項(xiàng)分享，僅供參考。希望能夠?qū)Ω魑豢忌兴鶐椭８魑煌瑢W(xué)取得令人滿意的成績(jī)。和小編一起來看看吧!

1考點(diǎn)聚焦

1.作定語

功能：相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾名詞，在句中作定語

位置：一般位于名詞之后，沒有逗號(hào)隔開

例如： She is the girl living in China.(作定語)

2. 作狀語

功能：在句中作為插入語，表示伴隨;

位置：一般也是位于名詞或某個(gè)句子后，有逗號(hào)隔開;

例如：She is the girl , living in China.(作狀語)

2考點(diǎn)精講

1. doing: 表示主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行，性質(zhì);

2. done：表示被動(dòng)，完成，狀態(tài);

3. to do: 表示目的，將來;

1)作定語

例如：

(1)There is the man standing under the tree.(這里the man與stand之間構(gòu)成的是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用doing形式即standing)

(2) That is the bikerepaired by Tom.(這里the bike與repair之間構(gòu)成是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用done的形式即repaired)

(3) There is a partyto be held next week.( 這里有next week表示將來，所以用to do 形式)

2) 作狀語

(1)在句中或句尾用逗號(hào)隔開的

例如：Tom, living in China, invented the bike.(作插入語)

There is the man，standing under the tree.

That is the bike，repaired by Tom.

注意:用done或是doing還是依據(jù)句中的某個(gè)名詞或是整個(gè)句子與動(dòng)詞間的關(guān)系

(2) 在句子的開頭，用逗號(hào)隔開

例如：Knowing that he is a student, we try our best to help him.(這里we與know之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以是doing形式)

Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.(這里John與absorb之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以是done形式)

To complete the job in time,the staffs were working on weekends.(這里表示目的關(guān)系，用to do形式)

(3)with sth doing/done/to do的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示伴隨(看sth與動(dòng)詞間關(guān)系)

例如：With the society developing rapidly, 句子。(本句 the society與develop是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以是doing形式)

(4)狀語從句中從句省掉主語的非謂語形式

例如：When finishing the job, we can go out.(這里因?yàn)閣e與finish是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以是doing形式，若是被動(dòng)則用done的形式)

3總結(jié)

本小節(jié)的內(nèi)容主要是高考中常考的形式，考生重點(diǎn)是掌握doing;done;to do所表示的含義，根據(jù)名詞與動(dòng)詞間的關(guān)系來運(yùn)用，然后記住以上所講的幾種形式，就可以了。

注意：

1. 非謂語若作主語，只能是doing或是to do;不能是done;

例如：Studying English is very important.

2. Having done 與doing的區(qū)別：

首先都是表示主動(dòng)的含義;而having done強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作要先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生;

3. having been done/done/being done/to be done 的區(qū)別：

首先都是表被動(dòng)的含義;

having been done強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作要先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生;(一般會(huì)有表完成的時(shí)間詞如：for 時(shí)間段;since 句子/時(shí)間點(diǎn))

being done強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生;(一般會(huì)有表進(jìn)行的時(shí)間詞如：now等)

to be done強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作是后于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生;(一般會(huì)有表將來的時(shí)間詞如：next 時(shí)間，in 時(shí)間段等)

例如：_____ twice by the dog, the man refused to deliver the letter to us.

A.Biting B.Having been bitten

B.To be bitten D.Being bitten

解析：本題選B。因?yàn)閠he man 與bite是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，其次被咬的動(dòng)作是先于the man refused to deliver the letter to us發(fā)生的。

42015年—2019年全國(guó)卷語法專項(xiàng)

語法填空

1.A study of travelers___(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.(2015年全國(guó)1)

解析：因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)句子意思，可知study與conduct之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填conducted;

2.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people____(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015年全國(guó)1)

解析：本題也較為簡(jiǎn)單;因people與live之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填living;

3. The adobe dwellings (土坯房)____ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of theAmerican Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects andengineers.(2015年全國(guó)2)

解析：土坯房是由the Pueblo Indians所建立的。所以與build之間構(gòu)成是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，填built，作定語修飾The adobe dwellings。

4.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirableis their ability to “air condition”a house without ____ (use) electric equipment.(2015年全國(guó)2)

解析：因?yàn)橛袀€(gè)介詞without ，而介詞后只能接名詞或doing形式;填using;

5.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are nowcold enough ____ (cool) the house during the hot day.(2015年全國(guó)2)

解析：墻體釋放了熱量，并且現(xiàn)在足夠使房子變涼快;本題中enough接to do形式表目的，填 to cool;

6. I was the first Western TV reporter____ (permit) to film a special unit caring forpandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016年全國(guó)1)

解析：本句意思是我是第 一個(gè)記者，允許拍攝。因reporter與permit是構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填permitted;

7. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ____(bring) your work home. (2016年全國(guó)2)

解析：本題考查be likely to do sth的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填to bring;

8.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ____(create)special designs.(2016年全國(guó)3)

解析：本題結(jié)合意思判斷：有技能的工人結(jié)合不同的木頭與金屬來制作特殊的設(shè)計(jì);表目的，所以填 to create;

9.People probably cooked their food in large pots, (use)twigs(樹枝)to remove it.(2016年全國(guó)3)

解析：本題看結(jié)構(gòu)是打了逗號(hào)的，這是非謂語作狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)，通過判斷People與use是構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填using;

10. This included digging up the road, ____(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017年全國(guó)2)

解析：本題也是非謂語作狀語，結(jié)合and then building a strong表并列，所以填laying;

11.The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ________(improve) water quality.(2018年全國(guó)2)

解析：鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民種玉米而不是大米來改善水的質(zhì)量;所以表目的，填 to improve;

12.China's approach to protecting its environment while _____(feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank'sJuergenVoegele.(2018年全國(guó)2)

解析：本題較難;首先判斷有個(gè)連詞while，然后判斷feed的主語是. China's approach to protecting its environment，他們之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填feeding;

13. When we got a call(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. (2019 年全國(guó)2)

解析：本題是非謂語作定語，a call與say之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。填saying;

14. On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take (get)there.(2019年全國(guó)3)

解析：根據(jù)意思：我們情不自禁想知道要花多長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間到那里。表目的，填 to get;

15. On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2019年全國(guó)3)

解析：結(jié)構(gòu)上看是非謂語作狀語。因?yàn)橹髡Zwe與listen是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，填listening;

短文改錯(cuò)

1.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing.(2015年全國(guó)2)

解析：after是介詞，后面的動(dòng)詞用doing。所以looks改為looking;

2.Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.(2018年全國(guó)3)

解析：非謂語作狀語。Everyone與wait是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，wait改為waiting;

3.All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.(2019年全國(guó)1)

解析：因?yàn)閠he football players與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，say改為saying;